{"id":37586,"date":"2021-01-02T12:16:46","date_gmt":"2021-01-02T12:16:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/?page_id=37586"},"modified":"2021-01-03T14:05:00","modified_gmt":"2021-01-03T14:05:00","slug":"potres-u-petrinji-preliminarno-izvjesce","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/potres-u-petrinji-preliminarno-izvjesce\/","title":{"rendered":"Potres u Petrinji &#8211; preliminarno izvje\u0161\u0107e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.1&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|||&#8221;][et_pb_fullwidth_slider _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; min_height=&#8221;112px&#8221; height=&#8221;400px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||18px||false|false&#8221; auto=&#8221;on&#8221; auto_ignore_hover=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Br\u010di\u0107_Drvenik02-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ban2-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/20190228_094232-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ban3-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Bijele_stijene-Gorski_kotar-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ban4-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ban5-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/20191015_142016a-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/20191014_133538-scaled.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_fullwidth_slider][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#1e5096&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center; color: #1e5096;\"><strong>POTRES U PETRINJI &#8211; PRELIMINARNO IZVJE\u0160\u0106E<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;20px||41px|||&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.0.3&#8243; min_height=&#8221;192px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-28px|auto||auto||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|||||&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.0.3&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#e09900&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;18px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|10px||10px|false|true&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>U ponedjeljak 28. prosinca 2020. godine u 6 sati i 28 minuta potres magnitude 5.0 prema Richteru s epicentrom nedaleko Petrinje sna\u017eno je zatresao podru\u010dje sredi\u0161nje Hrvatske intenzitetom VII stupnja EMS ljestvice, a osjetio se i u susjednim dr\u017eavama. Isto jutro na istom epicentralnom podru\u010dju uslijedila su jo\u0161 dva ja\u010da potresa. Prvi u 7 sati i 49 minuta magnitude 4.7 prema Richteru intenziteta VII stupnja, a drugi dvije minute kasnije magnitude 4.1 prema Richteru intenziteta VI stupnja EMS ljestvice. U narednih 24 sata na istom epicentralnom podru\u010dju dogodilo se jo\u0161 desetak slabijih potresa. Na \u017ealost, svi navedeni potresi bili su samo niz predudara (<em>foreshocks<\/em>) prije glavnog koji se dogodio dan kasnije, u utorak 29. prosinca 2020. godine u 12 sati i 19 minuta. Epicentar ovog razornog potresa magnitude 6.2 prema Richteru bio je 5 kilometara jugozapadno od Petrinje sa \u017eari\u0161tem na dubini od 11.5 km, ocjenjen intenzitetom VIII \u2013 IX stupnja EMS ljestvice (<strong>slika 1<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.6.1&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.6.1&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-1.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 1&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;15px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||12px||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>1<\/strong> Karta intenziteta potresa generirana prema dojavama gra\u0111ana. Izvor: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/potres-u-petrinji-preliminarno-izvjesce\/\">https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000d3zh\/dyfi\/intensity<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|||||&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Potres se sna\u017eno osjetio u Hrvatskoj i susjednim dr\u017eavama, ali i u dijelovima udaljenijih dr\u017eava kao \u0161to su Njema\u010dka, Austrija, \u010ce\u0161ka, Slova\u010dka, Rumunjska, Kosovo, Crna Gora i Italija (<strong>slika 2<\/strong>). Na veliku \u017ealost, \u017eivote je izgubilo najmanje sedam osoba. Materijalna \u0161teta u epicentralnom podru\u010dju je velika, naro\u010dito u starim jezgrama Siska, Petrinje i Gline kao i u okolnim selima.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-2.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 2&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;55%&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;15px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; width=&#8221;75%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>2<\/strong> Karta podrhtavanja povr\u0161ine tla za vrijeme glavnog potresa u Petrinji (29. prosinca 2020.; 12:19 min) izra\u017eeno vrijednostima horizontalnih vr\u0161nih ubrzanja tla u postocima gravitacijskog ubrzanja (g = 9,81 ms-2). Izvor: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000d3zh\/map\">https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000d3zh\/map<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-22px|||||&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Nakon glavnog potresa uslijedilo je nekoliko desetaka slabijih potresa, od kojih se izdvajaju \u010detiri ja\u010da, svi na istom epicentralnom podru\u010dju. Prvi svega \u010detiri minute kasnije, magnitude 4.6, drugi magnitude 4.1 u 13 sati i 34 minute. U jutro 30. prosinca jo\u0161 dva ja\u010da potresa, prvi magnitude 4.7 u 6 sati i 15 minuta te jedanaest minuta kasnije jo\u0161 jedan ja\u010di potres magnitude 4.8 prema Richteru.<\/p>\n<p>Potresi na podru\u010dju Republike Hrvatske nisu rijetkost (<strong>slika 3<\/strong>). Oni su, kao i u cijelom cirkum-jadranskom podru\u010dju ve\u0107inom posljedica gibanja Afri\u010dke tektonske plo\u010de prema relativno stabilnoj Euroazijskoj plo\u010di koje je zapo\u010delo jo\u0161 prije oko 160 milijuna godina.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-4.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 4&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;60%&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;15px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; width=&#8221;75%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>3<\/strong> Povijesno i instrumentima zabilje\u017eeni ja\u010di potresi u razdoblju od 1000. do 2020. godine u \u0161irem regionalnom podru\u010dju. Epicentar potresa u Petrinji prikazan je naran\u010dastim krugom. Izvor: Europsko-mediteranski katalog potresa (EMEC), preuzeto iz Ustaszewski et al. (2014) i dopunjeno za Zagreba\u010dki potres i potres u Petrinji.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-21px|||||&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Izme\u0111u njih nalazi se Jadranska mikro plo\u010da koja se pod utjecajem Afri\u010dke tako\u0111er translatira i rotira u smjeru sjevera \u0161to uzrokuje naprezanja u Zemljinoj kori (<strong>slika 4<\/strong>). Tijekom proteklih 80 do 40 milijuna godina, Jadranska mikro plo\u010da (sensu lato), ofiolitna zona (Centralna dinaridska, Banovina, Medvednica i Kalnik), te gornjokredna-paleogenska tzv. Sava zona, kona\u010dno su \u00a0kolidirali (sudarila se) s Euroazijskom plo\u010dom. Zona glavnih tektonskih kontakata (\u201e\u0161avova\u201c) izme\u0111u tih \u00a0tektonskih plo\u010da prote\u017ee se od Mirdita zone na jugoistoku do Banovine na sjeverozapadu, \u00a0gdje naglo povija prema sjeveroistoku prema zapadnim Karpatima. Epicentralno podru\u010dje ovog potresa nalazi se upravo u zoni spomenutih tektonskih \u201e\u0161avova\u201c.\u00a0 Zone tektonskih \u0161avova \u010desto predstavljaju reolo\u0161ki oslabljene zone s brojnim rasjedima, te su stoga pogodna mjesta za transfer stresa i u mla\u0111im re\u017eimima naprezanja.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-4.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 4&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;55%&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;15px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; width=&#8221;75%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>4<\/strong> Orijentacije maksimalnih horizontalnih osi naprezanja u podru\u010dju Panonske nizine i okolnog gorja. Crvenim krugom ozna\u010dena je lokacija glavnog potresa u Petrinji. Izvor: Preuzeto iz Bada et al. (2007) i dopunjeno lokacijom epicentra glavnog potresa u Petrinji.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-14px|||||&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Europske i svjetske seizmolo\u0161ke agencije i instituti objavili su \u017eari\u0161ne mehanizme za glavni potres (<strong>slika 5<\/strong>) kao i za neke ja\u010de <em>foreshockove<\/em> i <em>aftershockove<\/em>. Dobiveni beachball dijagrami gotovo jednozna\u010dno ukazuju na dvije tzv. nodalne ravnine koje predstavljaju dvije subvertikalne rasjedne plohe, jedna pru\u017eanja SZ-JI s desnim karakterom pomaka (crvena linija), a druga pru\u017eanja SI-JZ s lijevim karakterom pomaka (plava linija) (<strong>slika 6<\/strong>).\u00a0 Jedna od tih dviju ploha odgovara seizmogenom rasjedu.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-5.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 5&#8243; url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-5.jpg&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;75%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;right&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; width=&#8221;85%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;right&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px|||||&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>5<\/strong>\u00a0 \u017dari\u0161ni mehanizmi glavnog potresa u Petrinji od 29. prosinca 2020. u 12 sati i 19 minuta iz razli\u010ditih izvora: GCMT \u2013 Global Centroid-Moment-Tensor, GFZ \u2013 GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, INGV \u2013 Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, IPGP \u2013 Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, OCA \u2013 Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, USGS \u2013 United States Geological Survey.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-6.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 6&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;75%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;170px||||false|false&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>6<\/strong> \u017dari\u0161ni mehanizam Glavnog potresa u Petrinji 29. prosinca 2020. u 12 sati i 19 minuta na kojem su plavim i crvenim tragovima \u00a0prikazane orijentacije dviju nodalnih ravnina. Os najve\u0107eg tektonskog naprezanja (P-os) je horizontalna s pru\u017eanjem sjever-jug, a os najmanjeg naprezanja (T-os) tako\u0111er horizontalna s pru\u017eanjem istok-zapad. Primijetite da je os najve\u0107eg tektonskog naprezanja (P-os) subparalelna generalnom trendu pru\u017eanja maksimalnih horizontalnih osi naprezanja prikazanima na slici 4. \u00a0Izvor: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000d3zh\/moment-tensor\">https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000d3zh\/moment-tensor<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Usporedbom ovih seizmolo\u0161kih podataka i podataka o geolo\u0161koj gra\u0111i epicentralnog podru\u010dja (<strong>slika 7<\/strong>), mogu\u0107e je za sada samo pretpostaviti da je seizmogeni izvor, odnosno rasjed koji je generirao glavni potres, a vrlo mogu\u0107e i niz <em>foreshockova<\/em> i <em>aftershockova<\/em>, subvertikalni tzv. strike-slip rasjed s desnim karakterom pomaka i pru\u017eanja SZ-JI. Va\u017eno je naglasiti da je taj rasjed zabilje\u017een od strane geologa prilikom geolo\u0161kog kartiranjem jo\u0161 krajem sedamdesetih i po\u010detkom osamdesetih godina pa se tako vidi i na geolo\u0161koj karti (<strong>slika 7<\/strong>). Odraz rasjeda vidi se i u reljefu \u0161ireg epicentralnog podru\u010dja (<strong>slika 8<\/strong>). Upravo takva duga\u010dka uska izdu\u017eena brda i\/ili doline su karakteristika strike-slip rasjeda, kao \u0161to je to slu\u010daj i s ve\u0107im Ra\u0161kim i Idrijskim rasjedima u susjednoj Sloveniji, ili poznatim rasjedom San Andreas u Kaliforniji.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-7.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 7&#8243; url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-7.png&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;15px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; width=&#8221;85%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>7<\/strong> Isje\u010dak geolo\u0161ke karte \u0161ireg epicentralnog podru\u010dja (pripremio: Pavle Feri\u0107). Crvenom linijom podebljan je rasjed (rasjedna zona) za koji se preliminarno smatra da je uzrok glavnog i niza slabijih potresa. Izvor: Osnovna geolo\u0161ka karta SFRJ 1:100 000 list Sisak (Pikija, 1987).<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-8.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 8&#8243; url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-8.png&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;15px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; width=&#8221;85%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-24px|||||&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>8<\/strong> Hillshade prikaz epicentralnog podru\u010dja s tragovima rasjeda. Izvor: <em><a href=\"Slika%208 Hillshade prikaz epicentralnog podru\u010dja s tragovima rasjeda. Izvor: https:\/\/www.arcgis.com\/home\/webmap\/viewer.html?useExisting=1&amp;layers=1b243539f4514b6ba35e7d995890db1d\">https:\/\/www.arcgis.com\/home\/webmap\/viewer.html?useExisting=1&amp;layers=1b243539f4514b6ba35e7d995890db1d<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-12px|||||&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Ovo nije jedini veliki potres u podru\u010dju Pokuplja. 8. listopada 1909. godine dogodio se sna\u017ean potres nedaleko Kravarskog s procijenjenom magnitudom oko 6.0 prema Richteru, a intenziteta VIII stupnja prema EMS ljestvici. Taj potres poznat je kao potres u Pokuplju ili kolokvijalno zvan \u201ePokupski drme\u0161\u201c. \u017dari\u0161ni mehanizmi ovog potresa tako\u0111er upu\u0107uju na transpresijski re\u017eim naprezanja te na dvije nodalne ravnine (<strong>slika 8<\/strong>) koje su svojom orijentacijom vrlo sli\u010dne nodalnim ravninama prora\u010dunatima za ovaj novi potres 28. prosinca 2020. godine. Obzirom da se epicentri oba potresa nalaze na istom pravcu pru\u017eanja, mogu\u0107e je da su oba potresa nastala na istom rasjedu odnosno sustavu rasjeda.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-9.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 9&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>9<\/strong> \u017dari\u0161ni mehanizam potresa u Pokupskom 8. listopada 1909. na kojem su tragovima\u00a0 prikazane orijentacije dviju nodalnih ravnina. Os najve\u0107eg tektonskog naprezanja (P-os) je subhorizontalna s generalnim pru\u017eanjem sjever-jug. Primijetite da je os najve\u0107eg tektonskog naprezanja (P-os) subparalelna generalnom trendu pru\u017eanja maksimalnih horizontalnih osi naprezanja prikazanima na slici 4.\u00a0 Izvor: Herak and Herak (2010).<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-21px|||||&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>No potres iz 1909. godine bitan je po jo\u0161 ne\u010demu. Naime, Andrija Mohorovi\u010di\u0107, svjetski poznati hrvatski geofizi\u010dar, meteorolog i seizmolog prou\u010davaju\u0107i upravo taj potres iz Pokupskog, do\u0161ao je do epohalnog otkri\u0107a. Otkrio je da Zemlja nije homogene gra\u0111e ve\u0107 slojevite, te je definirao granicu izme\u0111u dva takva sloja, Zemljine kore i Zemljina pla\u0161ta. Na toj granici dolazi do velikih promjena u brzini potresnih valova, a kasnije je ta granica nazvana Mohorovi\u010di\u0107ev diskontinuitet ili Moho.<\/p>\n<h5><em><strong>Veza s potresom u Zagrebu<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n<p>O direktnoj povezanosti potresa kod Petrinje i onoga koji je ovog prolje\u0107a 22. o\u017eujka pogodio grad Zagreb ne mo\u017eemo govoriti. Ovo su dva razli\u010dita epicentralna podru\u010dja, kao \u0161to su razli\u010diti i nepovezani seizmogeni izvori odnosno rasjedi koji su generirali te potrese. U Zagrebu, rije\u010d je o seizmogenoj zoni Sjevernog medvedni\u010dkog rasjeda. To je rasjed ili sustav rasjeda pru\u017eanja SI-JZ s reversnim karakterom pomaka (<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=r5fS__4MA44&amp;list=LL\"><strong>poveznica<\/strong><\/a><\/em>) \u0161to se vidi i u \u017eari\u0161nim mehanizmima prora\u010dunatim za potres u Zagrebu. Seizmogeni izvor u Petrinji je najvjerojatnije strike-slip Pokupski rasjed pru\u017eanja SZ-JI s desnim karakterom pomaka (<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=r5fS__4MA44&amp;list=LL\"><strong>poveznica<\/strong><\/a><\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Postoji jo\u0161 jedna razlika izme\u0111u potresa u Zagrebu i ovoga u Petrinji. Potres u Zagrebu nije imao <em>foreshockove<\/em> ve\u0107 samo glavni potres i niz slabijih <em>aftershockova<\/em> (<strong>slika 10<\/strong>). Potres u Petrinji imao je i <em>foreshockove<\/em> prije glavnog potresa i naknadne <em>aftershockove<\/em> (<strong>slika 11<\/strong>). Naravno, u tom trenutku nije bilo mogu\u0107e znati da \u0107e uslijedit ja\u010di i razorniji potres, ali svakako u budu\u0107nosti moramo biti svjesni te mogu\u0107nosti i biti na oprezu.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-10.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 10&#8243; url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-10.png&#8221; align=&#8221;right&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;15px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>10<\/strong> Potresi magnituda ve\u0107ih ili jednakih 1.3 u epicentralnom podru\u010dju Zagreba\u010dkog potresa. Slika prikazuje lokalne magnitude u vremenu od 22. o\u017eujka 2020. godine u 6 sati i 24 minute do 26. o\u017eujka 2020. godine u 00:00. Glavni potres ozna\u010den je crnom linijom, a aftershockovi plavim linijama. Izvor: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pmf.unizg.hr\/geof\/seizmoloska_sluzba\/o_zagrebackom_potresu_2020?@=1lpyo#news_97581\">https:\/\/www.pmf.unizg.hr\/geof\/seizmoloska_sluzba\/o_zagrebackom_potresu_2020?@=1lpyo#news_97581<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-11.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;slika 11&#8243; url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/slika-11.png&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;96%&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;15px&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-23px||||false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Slika <\/strong><strong>11<\/strong> Prikaz magnituda potresa prema rednom broju potresa, prvi potres je potres magnitude M5.0 od 28. prosinca 2020. godine u 6 sati i 28 minuta. Posljednji potres je datiran 1. sije\u010dnja 2021. godine u 19 sati i 35 minuta. Foreshockovi su ozna\u010deni crvenim linijama, glavni udar crnom linijom, a aftershockovi plavim linijama. Izvor: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pmf.unizg.hr\/geof\/seizmoloska_sluzba\/izvjesca_o_potresima?@=1m6a5#news_45225\">https:\/\/www.pmf.unizg.hr\/geof\/seizmoloska_sluzba\/izvjesca_o_potresima?@=1m6a5#news_45225<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.7.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zaklju\u010dak<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Iako su Zagreba\u010dki i Petrinjski potresi nepovezani, oni ipak imaju ne\u0161to zajedni\u010dko, a to je razlog zbog kojeg oni nastaju koji je obja\u0161njen na po\u010detku ovoga teksta. I dok se god Jadranska mikro plo\u010da bude kretala prema Euroazijskoj, i dalje \u0107e biti potresa u na\u0161em podru\u010dju. Potrese nije mogu\u0107e prognozirati niti predvidjeti! Mogu\u0107e je samo statisti\u010dki odrediti povratni period za potres odre\u0111ene magnitude. Ono \u0161to mo\u017eemo jest slu\u0161ati nadle\u017ene slu\u017ebe i voditi se njihovim uputama te biti svjesni da \u017eivimo na tektonski aktivnom podru\u010dju i u skladu s time djelovati u svim segmentima na\u0161ih \u017eivota.<\/p>\n<p>Va\u017eno je napomenuti da je za sada rije\u010d o preliminarnim rezultatima. Na epicentralnom podru\u010dju prisutni su i stru\u010dnjaci s Hrvatskog geolo\u0161kog instituta, a rezultati njihova istra\u017eivanja bit \u0107e objavljeni naknadno.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #1f497d; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif;\" lang=\"hr\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Tekst pripremio: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/team\/vukovski-matija\/\">Matija Vukovski, mag.geol., Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Literatura:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bada, G\u00e1bor &amp; Horvath, Frank &amp; D\u00f6v\u00e9nyi, P\u00e9ter &amp; Szafi\u00e1n, P\u00e9ter &amp; Windhoffer, G\u00e1bor &amp; Cloetingh, Sierd. (2007). Present-day stress field and tectonic inversion in the Pannonian basin. Global and Planetary Change. 58. 165-180. 10.1016\/j.gloplacha.2007.01.007.<\/p>\n<p>Herak, Davorka &amp; Herak, Marijan. (2010). The Kupa Valley (Croatia) Earthquake of 8 October 1909&#8211;100 Years Later. Seismological Research Letters &#8211; SEISMOL RES LETT. 81. 30-36. 10.1785\/gssrl.81.1.30.<\/p>\n<p>Pikija, Mato (1987), Osnovna Geolo\u0161ka Karta SFRJ 1:100 000, list Sisak, Hrvatski geolo\u0161ki institut Zagreb, Savezni geolo\u0161ki zavod, Beograd.<\/p>\n<p>Ustaszewski, K., M. Herak, B. Tomljenovi\u0107, D. Herak, and S. Matej (2014), Neotectonics of the Dinarides-Pannonian Basin transition and possible earthquake sources in the Banja Luka epicentral area, J. Geodyn., 82, 52\u201368.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>POTRES U PETRINJI &#8211; PRELIMINARNO IZVJE\u0160\u0106EU ponedjeljak 28. prosinca 2020. godine u 6 sati i 28 minuta potres magnitude 5.0 prema Richteru s epicentrom nedaleko Petrinje sna\u017eno je zatresao podru\u010dje sredi\u0161nje Hrvatske intenzitetom VII stupnja EMS ljestvice, a osjetio se i u susjednim dr\u017eavama. Isto jutro na istom epicentralnom podru\u010dju uslijedila su jo\u0161 dva ja\u010da [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-37586","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37586"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37663,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37586\/revisions\/37663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgi-cgs.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}